DPN 101
Deeper Network White Paper
" The three letters of DPN are both the abbreviation of Deeper Network and Decentralized Privacy Network, which makes full use of the idle bandwidth resources of Internet users around the world to create a decentralized private and protected network. Each node is both a client and a server, and all the user’s data is transmitted with p2p encryption.
In this decentralized network, there are enough nodes to provide DPN services so that each node can establish tunnel links with multiple nodes at the same time, and select a tunnel for Internet access based on domain name or IP address. In the example in Figure 2, a node establishes a tunnel connection with nodes located in China, Germany, Singapore, and other countries. while retaining local access capability. Please note that preserving local access is also necessary for a DPN to greatly improve the user experience. For example, a US user accessing YouTube’s 4K streaming service will often have much better results with direct access than with transit through Singapore or Germany.
In the world of DPN, the relations among the client, the server and the tunnel are as follows:
1. Each node is both a client and a server. 2. Nodes are fully decentralized, deployed and owned by the user. 3. Each node can establish multiple tunnels with multiple nodes in different regions.
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"The advantages of VPN
Professional VPN service providers often rent expensive data centres or cloud servers to provide high-speed access, with access speeds reaching several hundred mbps during off-peak hours.
The disadvantages of VPN
1. Access speed can be severely degraded during peak hours, and the service may be even unavailable. 2. VPN service providers have full access to user data and are not regulated. In this case, the safety of the user’s data depends on the ethical level of the VPN service provider. However, even big Internet companies like Facebook collect, analyze, and sell user data at will. Many low-cost or even free VPN service providers themselves are profitable by data trafficking and phishing. 3. VPN servers are deployed centrally, mostly in a few major cities in a few countries around the world. This implies that they provide users with an extremely limited choice of geographic locations. 4. VPN server IP addresses are usually in the order of a few hundred or a few thousand, which makes them easy to be identified and restricted by various websites. 5. VPN services offer only one tunnel for users to choose, this means that users need to manually switch tunnels to use applications that require a different geographical location. 6. Because VPN service providers need to rent expensive data centres or cloud servers to provide services, this significantly increases the monthly payment making VPN services relatively expensive for users.
The advantages of DPN
1. The more users there are, the more idle bandwidth resources available which means no performance degradation during peak hours. 2. DPN is a completely decentralized network, so there is no way for user data to be collected, analyzed, and sold. 3. DPN nodes are located all over the world, and as the number of users gradually increases, new nodes may appear in every corner of the world to provide DPN services. 4. DPN has billions of potentially available IP addresses, and most of them are the IPs of individual users, which cannot be identified and restricted by various websites. 5. DPN can establish dozens of tunnels at the same time and can choose suitable tunnels according to different domain names as well as IP addresses. 6. Users will earn DPR tokens when they contribute their own bandwidth, and spend DPR tokens when they use other users’ bandwidth, generally users do not need to pay for DPN service.
The disadvantages of DPN
The maximum downstream bandwidth of a DPN tunnel is limited by the upstream bandwidth of the shared node. We know that the upstream and downstream bandwidth of the average home user’s broadband are asymmetrical, with the average user’s home upstream bandwidth ranging from 10mbps to 40mbps, and only a few fiber users (such as AT&T and Google Fiber users) can have 1gbps of upstream bandwidth. DPN is not an ideal choice for users with extremely high bandwidth requirements for a single tunnel.
For this problem, DPN currently has several potential solutions.
1. Deploy a part of high-speed cloud nodes to provide the same high-speed connection as a VPN does. 2. For downloading applications, multiple tunnels can be used to download at the same time, for example, 50 tunnels of 10mbps can simultaneously download to reach a speed of 500mbps.
In addition, fiber solutions are becoming more and more popular in home broadband. It is estimated that within the next three years 1 billion users in the US, China, and Europe will have access to 1gbps fiber networks. By that time, even the speed of a single DPN tunnel will be comparable to that of a VPN."
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